Publications by members of the Gnowledge Lab. Entries are rendered from a structured data file (_data/publications.yml); each team member’s page filters this list to show only their work.

• Nagarjuna G. (2026). From Truth to Trust: Negotiating Objectivity through Calibrated Instruments, Media, and Institutions. PhilSci-Archive preprint, University of Pittsburgh (April 2026).
• Rafikh Shaikh, Nagarjuna G. & Ayush Gupta (2023). Investigating the role of shared screen in a computer-supported classroom in learning. Education and Information Technologies. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal (2021). Observing the Microbial World: Student Experiences. Field Guide Know Your Pond Mates. In iwonder Rediscovering School Science. Bangalore: Azim Premji University. June 2021, pg. 25-31. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal, Nagarjuna G. & M. C. Arunan (2021). Microorganisms at our Doorstep — Vigyan Pratibha Learning Unit. In Choksi, B., Date, G., Mani, R. & Subramaniam, K. (EDs.), Exploring Science and Mathematics with Vigyan Pratibha Learning Units. Class 8 Teacher Version, Mumbai: HBCSE. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal (2021). Invitation to CUBE Project -- Learning Science by Doing Science. Teacher Plus. Secunderabad: Azim Premji University. August 2021. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal (2021). CUBE -- Pathshala Ke Chatro Se Jude Project Aadharit Vigyan Prayog (CUBE -- Project Based Science Experiments for School Students -- Article in Hindi). Shaikshanik Sandarbh, Issue 76 (133). Bhopal: Eklavya Foundation. March-April 2021. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & Anand Vaidya (2021). An Infographic on Vaccine Safety Basics. CovidGyan Website, Mumbai: TIFR, 4th February, 2021. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & Anand Vaidya (2021). An Infographic on Stages of Vaccine Development and Phase Trials. CovidGyan Website, Mumbai: TIFR, 4th February, 2021. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & Anand Vaidya (2021). An Infographic on Frequency and Severity of the Adverse Events Following Immunization. CovidGyan Website, Mumbai: TIFR, 4th February, 2021. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & Anand Vaidya (2021). An Infographic on Five Reasons for Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI). CovidGyan Website, Mumbai: TIFR, 4th February, 2021. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal (2020). Update article on -- Is Novel Coronavirus Evolving? In CovidGyan Website, Mumbai: TIFR, 24th July 2020. . [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal, Nagarjuna G. & Kiran Yadav (2020). Undergraduates in Lockdown: Sustaining Research Projects with CUBE Home Labs and chatShaala. IndiaBioscience. Bangalore. 23 October 2020. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal (2020). Training Ourselves to See Better (Primary Pack). Teacher Plus. Telangana: Azim Premji University, April 2020. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal (2020). Testing for COVID-19: Here's What You Need to Know. CovidGyan Website, Mumbai: TIFR, 18th May 2020. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & CUBE Lab Team (2020). Shaley Vidyaarthyaansathi Prakalp: Vidnyan Prayog (CUBE Lab Projects, Science Experiments for School Students -- Article in Marathi). Shikshan Sankraman, Pune: MSBSHSE, April, 2020. [PDF]
• Uma Ramakrishnan & Meena Kharatmal (2020). Seroprevalence Study in Mumbai: In Conversation with TIFR Scientists -- Part 4: Personal Perspectives, Risks and Challenges During the Study, and About Public Private Partnership In CovidGyan Website, Mumbai: TIFR, 25th September 2020. . [PDF]
• Uma Ramakrishnan & Meena Kharatmal (2020). Seroprevalence Study in Mumbai: In Conversation with TIFR Scientists -- Part 3: Discussion of Findings and Other Studies In CovidGyan Website, Mumbai: TIFR, 25th September 2020. . [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & Uma Ramakrishnan (2020). Seroprevalence Study in Mumbai: In Conversation with TIFR Scientists -- Part 2: Key Insights from the Study In CovidGyan Website, Mumbai: TIFR, 25th September 2020. . [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & Uma Ramakrishnan (2020). Seroprevalence Study in Mumbai: In Conversation with TIFR Scientists -- Part 1: Introduction and About the Study In CovidGyan Website, Mumbai: TIFR, 25th September 2020. . [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal (2020). Public health framework and its intersections with society while dealing with the pandemic – A conversation with a public health care specialist. CovidGyan Website, Mumbai: TIFR, 24th August 2020. [PDF]
• M. C. Arunan (2020). Populating India with STEM Spectators: GullyCricket Model of Spreading STEM Culture. CUBE Lab, Homi Bhabha Center for Science Education, TIFR, Mumbai.
• Meena Kharatmal (2020). Nirikshan Vikasit Karnyasaathi Kriyakalp (Developing observational skills -- Article in Marathi). Jeevan Shikshan, Pune: MSCERT, February 2020. [PDF]
• Rafikh Shaikh, Padalkar, S, Sutar, P & Kumar, A (2020). Learning Basic Astronomy Through an Embodied and Interactive Approach. International Conference to review research in Science Technology and Mathematics Education. [PDF]
• Rafikh Shaikh, Harita Raval, Harshit Agrawal & Nagarjuna G. (2020). Impact of computer-mediated sharing on classroom activities. The 14th International Congress on Mathematical Education Shanghai. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & Nagarjuna G. (2020). Getting Down to the Micron. Teacher Plus. Telangana: Azim Premji University, July 2020. [PDF]
• Karnam, DP, Sinha, R & Pardeshi, A (2020). Figuring the ‘making’ with Indian teachers: Can we re-imagine STEM learning?. Gresalfi M., & Horn, I. S. (Eds.). Proceedings of The Interdisciplinarity of the Learning Sciences, 14th The International Conference of the Learning Sciences (ICLS) 2020, Volume 4. (pp. 2339-2340), Nashville, Tennessee: (Online): International Society of the Learning Sciences. June 21.
• Meena Kharatmal (2020). An Infographic on Comparison of COVID-19 Tests. CovidGyan Website, Mumbai: TIFR, 18th May 2020. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal (2020). A Blurb on "A Study on Using Gold Nanoparticles for Naked-Eye Detection of SARS-CoV-2". CovidGyan Website, Mumbai: TIFR, 25 June 2020. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal, Nagarjuna G. & M. C. Arunan (2019). Observing Microorganisms at our Doorstep -- A Learning Unit. Vigyan Pratibha Project, Mumbai: HBCSE. [PDF]
• Rafikh Shaikh, Amit Dhakulkar & Nagarjuna G. (2018). Zone of Proximal Development in the Era of Connected Computers. S. Ladage and S. Narvekar (Eds.), Proceedings of epiSTEME7: Seventh International Conference to Review Research on Science, TEchnology and Mathematics Education, HBCSE (pp. 214-221). India: CinnamonTeal. [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G. (2018). The STEM Games. ICTS Newsletter. [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G. (2018). Making as a Medium of Truth: A Constructionist View of STEM. Proceedings of the Conference on Integrating Science with Society, Jadavpur University, Kolkata. [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G. (2018). Distributing Justice in a Digital Society. Breakthrough: A Journal for Science and Society. [PDF]
• Rafikh Shaikh, Harshit Agrawal, Nagarjuna G. & Mrunal Nachankar (2017). Instant Sharing Makes Task More Engaging in Computer Aided Classroom. Proceedings of CSCL, pp. 609-612. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & Nagarjuna G. (2016). Using Semantic Reference Set of Linking Words for Concept Mapping in Biology. Innovating with concept mapping. Communications in computer and information science series (Vol. 635, pp. 315-329). Springer International Publisher. [PDF]
• Amit Dhakulkar & Rafikh Shaikh (2016). A slate for every child: rethinking education in the age of computers. Teacher Plus Magazine. [PDF]
• Amit Dhakulkar, Nagarjuna G. & Samir Dhurde (2015). Measuring the mustard seed: an exercise in indirect measurement and mathematical modelling. School Science Review. [PDF]
• Rajiv Nair, Nagarjuna G. & Arnab K. Ray (2014). Finite-size effects in the dependency networks of free and open-source software. Complex Systems, Vol. 23. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal (2014). A Proposal to Extend Concept Mapping to Concept Lattices for Representing Biology. Summer School on “Methodology of task design – How to construct exercises for learning” Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany , 22 – 27 September. [PDF]
• M. C. Arunan (2013). Transforming Undergraduate Science Education: Collaborative Undergraduate Biology Education (CUBE) In IndiaBioScience Website, 29th Jul 2013. . [PDF]
• Rafikh Shaikh, Nagarjuna G. & Sanjay Chandrasekharan (2013). Socialising Mathematics: Collaborative, Constructive and Distributed learning of arithmetic using a chat application. In Nagarjuna G., Arvind Jamakhandi, and Ebie M. Sam (Eds.) Procceedings of epiSTEME-5, pp.321-327. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & Nagarjuna G. (2013). Representing Change Using Concept Maps. Proceedings of epiSTEME 5, International Conference to Review Research on Science, TEchnology and Mathematics Education. [PDF]
• Amit Dhakulkar, Samir Dhurde & Nagarjuna G. (2013). Measuring the Mustard Seed: First Exercise in Modelling the Real World. Proceedings of epiSTEME 5, International Conference to Review Research on Science, TEchnology and Mathematics Education. [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G., Arvind Jamakhandi & Ebie M. Sam (2013). International Conference to Review Research on Science, TEchnology and Mathematics Education. . [PDF]
• Heather D. Pfeiffer, Dmitry I. Ignatov, Jonas Poelmans & Nagarjuna G. (2013). Conceptual Structures for STEM Research and Education. 20th International Conference on Conceptual Structures. [PDF]
• Shraddha Ghumre, Nagarjuna G. & M. C. Arunan (2013). Collaborative Undergraduate Biology Research: Re-Structuring Undergraduate Biology Education in India. Proceedings of epiSTEME 5, International Conference to Review Research on Science, TEchnology and Mathematics Education. [PDF]
• Rajiv Nair, Nagarjuna G. & Arnab K. Ray (2012). Features of complex networks in a free-software operating system. International Conference on Recent Trends in Physics. [PDF]
• M. C. Arunan (2011). University-Institute Interactions: How will it Improve Undergraduate Biology Training in India? In IndiaBioScience Website, 29th March 2011. . [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G. & Meena Kharatmal (2011). Proposal for developing a primer for constructing and analyzing conceptual structures. Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Conceptual structures for discovering knowledge. [PDF]
• Amit Dhakulkar & Nagarjuna G. (2011). An analysis of graphs in school textbooks. Proceedings of epiSTEME 4 International Conference to Review Research on Science, Technology and Mathematics Education, Mumbai, pp. 127–131. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & Nagarjuna G. (2011). An Analysis of Growth of Knowledge based on Concepts and Predicates. In S. Chunawala and M. Kharatmal (Eds.) Proceedings of epiSTEME 4 International Conference to Review Research on Science, Technology and Mathematics Education. [PDF]
• Rajiv Nair, Nagarjuna G. & Arnab K. Ray (2010). Semantic network in a free-software computer operating system. Journal of Information Technology. [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G., Meena Kharatmal & Rajiv Nair (2010). Building a Dependency Network for Teaching-Learning of Conceptual Structures. In conjunction with ICCS-2010 18th International Conference on Conceptual Structures. [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G. (2009). Tracing the Biological Roots of Knowledge. in Life and Organicism, Rangaswamy. N. S., Ed. Centre for Studies in Civilizations. [PDF]
• Rajiv Nair, Nagarjuna G. & Arnab K. Ray (2009). Semantic structure and finite-size saturation in scale-free dependency networks of free software. Pre-print https://arxiv.org/abs/0901.4904v3. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & Nagarjuna G. (2009). SELF Platform: A Teacher - Centric Collaborative Authoring System. Journal of Applied Collaborative Systems. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & Nagarjuna G. (2009). Refined Concept Maps for Science Education: A Feasibility Study. Proceedings of epiSTEME 3, International Conference to Review Research on Science, TEchnology and Mathematics Education. [PDF]
• Divya Sinha, Alpesh Gajbe, Rajiv Nair, Ganesh Gajre & Nagarjuna G. (2009). GNOWSYS-mode: An Emacs based Text Editor for Semantic and Structured Document Editing. In Proceedings of Workshop on Collaborative Construction, Management and Linking of Structured Knowledge (CK2009). [PDF]
• Divya Sinha, Alpesh Gajbe, Rajiv Nair, Ganesh Gajre & Nagarjuna G. (2009). GNOWSYS-mode in Emacs for collaborative construction of knowledge networks in plain text. in 8th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC2009). [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G. (2009). Copyleft Society. https://Gnowgi.org. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal (2009). Concept Mapping for eliciting Students' understanding of Science. . [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G. (2009). Common Roots of Perception, Conception and Conscious Action. In Procceedings of International Conference on Language, Mind and Social Construction, IIT Mumbai, p.83-104. [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G. (2009). Collaborative Creation of Teaching-Learning Sequences and an Atlas of Knowledge. Mathematics Teaching-Research Journal. [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G. (2008). SELF Platform Development: localised and tested system. . [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & Nagarjuna G. (2008). Exploring Roots of Rigor: A Proposal of a Methodology for Analyzing the Conceptual Change from a Novice to an Expert. Concept Mapping: Connecting Educators Proc. of the Third Int. Conference on Concept Mapping. [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G. (2008). Consultation on 'National Policy on ICTs in School Education. . [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G. (2007). Why Ecma OOXML cannot be regarded as a free/open document standard?. Note submitted to the Working Committee, Board of Indian Standards on WordprocessingXML, a component of OOXML. [PDF]
• SELF Project Team (2007). SELF Plaform Techincal Document. . [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G. (2006). Layers in the Fabric of Mind: A Critical Review of Cognitive Ontogeny. In Research Trends in Science, Technology and Mathematics Education,J. Ramadas and S. Chunawala, Eds. Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education,TIFR. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & Nagarjuna G. (2006). An Alternative Proposal for Eliciting and Assessing Students’Knowledge Structure. Episteme 2: Second International Conference on Review of Science, Technology and Mathematics education. [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G. (2005). Muscularity of Mind: Towards an Explanation of the Transition from Unconscious to Conscious. in Annual Conference of European Society for Philosophy and Psychology (ESPS), in Lund, Sweden, http://cogprints.Org/4352. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal, Sandhya R & Nagarjuna G. (2005). Information and Knowledge Management Using GNOWSYS. Conference Proceedings. Recent Advances in Information Technology. [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G. (2005). GNOWSYS: A System for Semantic Computing. Homi Bhabha centre for Science Education, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research. [PDF]
• Meena Kharatmal & Nagarjuna G. (2004). Understanding Science Through Knowledge Organizers: An Introduction. In Episteme-1: An International Conference to review Research on Science, Technology and Mathematics Education, pp. 13–17. [PDF]
• Nagarjuna G. (1994). The Role of Inversion in Science. Department of Humanities, IIT Kanpur. [PDF]